What defines a fluid? No “preferred” shape, deforms to fit container, always flows when force is applied, not spring-based (internal forces depend on velocities, not displacements)

  • Types: incompressible, compressible, viscous, inviscid (ideal), turbulent flow, laminar (streamline) flow, Newtonian, non-Newtonian
    • Newtonian fluids: smoke, fire, granular flow (snow and sand)
    • Non-Newtonian fluids have viscoelastic flow: blood, honey
  • Boundary conditions: consideration of the interactions of the fluid surface. There’s three types of surfaces: solid wall, free surface (fluid is adjacent to nothing), other fluid

Compressibility

To have compressible flow means the volume of the fluid can be easily changed. Fluids with incompressible (Divergence-free) flow1 include liquids like water, and fluids with compressible flow include gasses like air and steam.

Also see Incompressibility condition.

Footnotes

  1. In reality there are no fluids that are 100% incompressible, but for the purposes of simulation it’s easier to pretend some are.